Peckris 2

That would be surprising - I thought they took great care with those crowns even wrapping them in special paper before sending them out?

What we need for self sufficiency - AS WELL AS alternatives like wind/wave/solar power - is the new (i.e. modern designs not 1950s) form of nuclear power. See Bill Gates on the subject: https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/Bill-Gates-Backed-Firm-Raises-750M-To-Develop-Small-Nuclear-Reactors.html

Not true. Despite Nimoy's ridiculous assertion (which, by the way, is one effect of climate change - even though the global average temperature is increasing, there are associated variations which can cause effects like snow where you wouldn't normally see it) 'global warming' has been a "thing" since long before that stupid video was made. It would be utterly insane to ignore the global increase in temperature whether or not it's entirely manmade, or whether or not CO2 is the biggest culprit.

Yeah, that's funny. Here's what brings climate change home to me: we as individuals tend to think vertically; in normal urban/suburban conditions we can see for no more than a few hundred metres, but if we look up we can see the sky, and that's a HUGE distance! Yet... if you were to travel 15 miles to see someone, you'd think nothing of it. What's 15 miles after all? But if you were to travel 15 miles vertically, you'd be in a very thin part of the atmosphere where the oxygen/pressure ratio would mean you'd have virtually no oxygen to breathe. Everest is 5 miles high and most people need supplementary oxygen there. I've read that 75% of the total mass of the Earth's atmosphere is in the first 10km. Our planet's atmosphere is comparatively thinner than the peel around an apple. We interfere with it at our peril!

There's a guy works down the hip shop swears he's Pelvis.

Interesting. However, also consider this which has been doing the rounds on social media and shows that warnings about climate change were around in 1912 - and earlier - though their forecasts of timescales were badly out. I also remember a dramatic edition of The News Of The World in 1970 which used as its headline the name of a then drama series on BBC - Doomwatch - and carried severe warnings and predictions of scientists of the time, about environmental disasters caused by man's activities. Unfortunately, the archive of NOTW hasn't been digitised yet and print copies of past editions are very expensive, or else I'd give you a link to that particular issue.

Agreed. Though there are conspiracy theory adherents who claim the whole climate change thing is a hoax, but there are some very strange people around. QAnon and Anti-Vaxxers just for starters! And don't get me going on the whole Twin Towers 'brought down by the Bush administration', or 'Paul is dead' thing...

I think we'll have to leave it that your definition of 'open mind' and mine, are different. Can we leave it there?

The problem is that both factions exist - you can't blame the average person for thinking that questioning the current scientific consensus could be evidence of them. However, I accept that you are not part of that whole scene.

Ok, that's reasonable. But I would say the debate is really over a) or b). I wouldn't say that presenting facts is either 'browbeating' or 'bullying'.

His posts are not visible to me.

1. I never heard that. 2. However, it seems a silly point (not you, I hasten to add) to 'prove' climate change. I accept the explanation, but cannot see that it in any way 'disproves' climate change.

Of course. Both are real! Documented evidence of big commercial interests protecting profits above all else.

Mostly true - yes, wine grapes were grown in British vineyards during the Roman occupation (I did Classics too!). Europe was warmer before the Little Ice Age, whose start date is not exactly known - the consensus seems to be mid-mediaeval but possibly as late as Tudor age - but ended in the mid-19th Century. However I'd take issue with "in that Roman period Europe was at least two further degrees centigrade warmer than now." The global average temperature for the last 2000 years is shown in this chart: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Ice_Age#/media/File:2000+_year_global_temperature_including_Medieval_Warm_Period_and_Little_Ice_Age_-_Ed_Hawkins.svg which indicates we are in a new situation compared with 'recent' (2 millennia!) history.

Oh wow. You watched all 3 one-hour episodes in the few minutes it took you to post your reply? And you wonder (no, you probably don't..) why I don't take you seriously?

When the leading sceptical opinion involves oil companies paying certain scientists to deny the role of fossil fuels in climate change, then that's pretty much anybody's definition of a conspiracy. watch and learn

I looked at that, and googled further about the 'World Climate Declaration' scepticism mentioned in that article (published in a Sceptic journal!). I uncovered this, which 1) shows that there is mining and oil company involvement in the organisation behind the Declaration (Clintel), and 2) quite a lot of questioning the scientific status of the signatories. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-27/who-are--scientists-professionals-who-say-no-climate-emergency/11734966?nw=0&r=HtmlFragment

I choose to believe the vast majority of scientists rather than follow conspiracy theories. Yes, my choice.

Yes, it's true that the Earth has gone through extremes of climate change. During the past x billion years, the planet has been totally frozen over, while at other times it has been a fiery desert. In both extremes life almost died out apart from a few critical bacteria which survived. We cannot know what the climate will do in 1000 years. We can know what is affecting it - and has affected it since the Industrial Revolution - in recent centuries. We know: - the effect of industrialisation on the production of CO2 - the effect of greenhouse gases on the atmosphere - the effect of HCFCs on the ozone layer hole - the effect of massive destruction of the rainforests Yes, there are also natural factors. This, from the Met Office's website: Natural changes to the climate The leading cause of climate change is human activity and the release of greenhouse gases. However, there are lots of natural causes that also lead to changes in the climate system. Natural cycles can cause the climate to alternate between warming and cooling. There are also natural factors that force the climate to change, known as 'forcings'. Even though these natural causes contribute to climate change, we know that they are not the primary cause, based on scientific evidence. Some of these natural cycles include: Milankovitch cycles – As Earth travels around the sun, its path and the tilt of its axis can change slightly. These changes, called Milankovitch cycles, affect the amount of sunlight that falls on Earth. This can cause the temperature of Earth to change. However, these cycles take place over tens or hundreds of thousands of years and are unlikely to be causing the changes to the climate that we are seeing today. El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) – ENSO is a pattern of changing water temperatures in the Pacific Ocean. In an 'El Niño' year, the global temperature warms up, and in a 'La Niña' year, it cools down. These patterns can affect the global temperature for a short amount of time (months or years) but cannot explain the persistent warming that we see today. Natural forcings that can contribute to climate change include: Solar irradiance – Changing energy from the sun has affected the temperature of Earth in the past. However, we have not seen anything strong enough to change our climate. Any increase in solar energy would make the entire atmosphere of Earth warm, but we can only see warming in the bottom layer. Volcanic eruptions – Volcanoes have a mixed effect on our climate. Eruptions produce aerosol particles that cool Earth, but they also release carbon dioxide, which warms it. Volcanoes produce 50 times less carbon dioxide than humans do, so we know they are not the leading cause of global warming. On top of this, cooling is the dominant effect of volcanic eruptions, not warming. I don't know why you choose to go against over 90% of the scientific community who state unequivocally that greenhouse gases are the prime cause of the climate change we are experiencing. Those other historical factors you mention are due to the "mini Ice Age" the planet went through from the late medieval period to the 19th Century. This, from Wikipedia: The Little Ice Age (LIA) was a period of regional cooling, particularly pronounced in the North Atlantic region, that occurred after the Medieval Warm Period.[2] It was not a true ice age of global extent. The term was introduced into scientific literature by François E. Matthes in 1939.[3] The time period has been conventionally defined as extending from the 16th to the 19th centuries,[4][5][6] but some experts prefer an alternative timespan from about 1300[7] to about 1850.[8][9][10] The NASA Earth Observatory notes three particularly cold intervals. One began about 1650, another about 1770, and the last in 1850, all of which were separated by intervals of slight warming.[6] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Third Assessment Report considered that the timing and the areas affected by the Little Ice Age suggested largely independent regional climate changes, rather than a globally synchronous increased glaciation. At most, there was modest cooling of the Northern Hemisphere during the period.[11] Several causes have been proposed: cyclical lows in solar radiation, heightened volcanic activity, changes in the ocean circulation, variations in Earth's orbit and axial tilt (orbital forcing), inherent variability in global climate, and decreases in the human population (such as from the Black Death and the epidemics emerging in the Americas upon European contact[12]). And this diagram should give you pause for thought: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Ice_Age#/media/File:2000+_year_global_temperature_including_Medieval_Warm_Period_and_Little_Ice_Age_-_Ed_Hawkins.svg

I simply cannot believe the climate change deniers in this forum. Even knowing your politics, I still cannot believe it. Even Boris Johnson was so concerned about it that he passed a law banning new petrol driven cars from 2030, and has promoted energy alternatives to fossil fuels. You know, does it matter a damn whether climate change is caused by man (yet the facts point very clearly to it)? The average global temperature has steadily increased since it started being measured. And the proportion of CO2 in the atmosphere has increased during the same period. Ice caps are melting. Coincidence? Obviously not. Ok, let's indulge ourselves in the climate equivalent of Pascal's wager: 1. Climate change is happening (whether caused by man is not relevant) 2. We can spend trillions trying to prevent or even reverse it. 1. True. 2. True. result: a positive impact on the climate, which improves the lives of every creature on the planet 1. True. 2. False. result: things get worse and worse, and the habitable areas on the planet diminish, with severe fires, floods, storms, etc becoming more and more frequent 1. False. 2. False. result: things stay much as they are now 1. False. 2. True. result: the world economy goes into the same recession as covid caused, and all for no good reason. This shows that the second alternative is by far the worst. I'd rather be proved wrong on climate knowing that even so we did our best in case (as the science indicates) it was true.

"Would the coins historical value decrease if I did the same? " No, not its historical value, especially what is personal to you. Obviously its actual monetary value will be severely affected.

Thanks. It seems absolutely clear from that that the protest group are not Extinction Rebellion, but a group I hadn't heard of called Insulate Britain (though I'm 100% in favour of what they want to achieve). Holding up ambulances would be most unfortunate, though I'm wondering how ambulances deal with ordinary tailbacks? They must have protocols to deal with it, as there many jams and eventual temporary closures on the M25 caused by breakdowns, accidents, or even a heavy commute.

That sounds like a Daily Mail story. Do you have a source for such an event?

Yes, people on low incomes do need help. But so does the planet and we have no time to waste. Those 'eco loons' can see what's coming.