Predecimal Great Britain pennies Metal alloy?

[josie 8]

Any book referennce?

[Chris Perkins 228]

Before 1860 they were copper (quite high purity I believe but obviously not 100% pure). After 1860 they were made of bronze. 1860 to 1923 they were 95% copper, 4% tin and 1% zinc with slight variations. From 1923 to 1942 the composition was fixed at 95.5% copper, 3% tin and 1.5% zinc. 1942 to 1945 they were 97% copper, 0.5% tin and 2.5% zinc. In 1945 they reverted to the pre 1942 composition and in 1959 they switched to the 1942 to 1945 composition, which was used right into decimalisation.

(Source: The Bronze Coinage of Great Britain, Michael J Freeman)

[josie 8]

Thank you chris.

Yes it is in freeman,in the introduction pages on technical summaries and pecularities and others.

He also mentioned that 1967,1966,1965. that thier is a variation in weight,also on variation of flan.

Since QE II is the last year of predecimal issue since 1860 many changes happen on the weight and in the composition of metal alloy in brozed coinage.

Some question.

What happen why the last 3 year of issue for circulating coins varies in weight?

What is nicer the pink unciculated one or the brown one?

What happen when the pink uncirculated one contact with the atmosphere what is the color light brown or dark chocolate brown.

Why krause didnt list the weight of QE II pennies?

Is there chances that flan use in post 1923 pennies is use in other series and overlap to one another?

[josie 8]

In one decimal place,digital scale 1966 penny weigth 10.0g is it still in normal range of 10% weight of the coin in this series?

[josie 8]

In RM what are the countries that was strike and what is the metal composition of the coins of those countries.

If others say that same composition as GB predecimal broze did they do the same treament on coins in other countries like hypo and others during those time including commowealth countries that was stike in RM if any?

There is no article or publication that I know about metal composition of predecimal coin of Ireland just assuming or presume that it was same as GB predecimal coins how about the treatment and hypo?